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Sadaharu Oh

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In this Chinese name, the family name is Wang (王).
Sadaharu Oh
Sadaharu Oh in 2023
First baseman / Manager
Born: (1940-05-20) May 20, 1940 (age 84)
Sumida, Tokyo, Japan
Batted: Left
Threw: Left
NPB debut
April 11, 1959, for the Yomiuri Giants
Last appearance
October 12, 1980, for the Yomiuri Giants
NPB statistics
Batting average.301
Hits2,786
Home runs868
Runs batted in2,170
Stolen bases84
Teams
As player

As manager

As executive

  • Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks (2009-present)
Career highlights and awards
As player

As manager

As executive

NPB/World records

Member of the Japanese
Baseball Hall of Fame
Induction1994
Wang Chen-chih
Sadaharu Ō
Hand print of Sadaharu Oh
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese王貞治
Simplified Chinese王贞治
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinWáng Zhēnzhì
Bopomofoㄨㄤˊ ㄓㄣㄓˋ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhWang Jenjyh
Tongyong PinyinWang2 Chên1-chih4
Japanese name
Kanji王 貞治
Kanaおう さだはる
Transcriptions
RomanizationŌ Sadaharu

Sadaharu Oh (Japanese: 王貞治, Ō Sadaharu; born May 20, 1940), also known as Wang Chen-chih (Chinese: 王貞治; pinyin: Wáng Zhēnzhì), is a Japanese-born Chinese former professional baseball player and manager who is currently the chairman of the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). Oh's playing career spanned across four decades, during which he played for only the Yomiuri Giants. He holds the world career home run record at 868, over 100 more than MLB record holder Barry Bonds.[1]

Oh batted and threw left-handed and primarily played first base. Originally signed with the powerhouse Giants in 1959 as a pitcher, Oh was soon converted to a full-time hitter. Under the tutelage of coach Hiroshi Arakawa, Oh developed his distinctive "flamingo" leg kick. It took Oh three years to blossom, but he went on to dominate Nippon Professional Baseball. He was a 15-time home run champion and was named to the Central League All-Star team 18 times. More than just a power hitter, Oh was a five-time batting champion and won the Japanese Central League's batting triple crown twice. With Oh at first base, the Yomiuri Giants won 11 Japan Series championships, including 9 in a row from 1965 to 1973. Oh was named the Central League's Most Valuable Player nine times.

In addition to the world career home run record, Oh set many other NPB batting records, including runs batted in (RBI) (2,170), slugging percentage (.634), bases on balls (2,390), and on-base plus slugging percentage (OPS) (1.080). He held Japan's single-season home run record with 55, until Wladimir Balentien broke the record in 2013. In 1977, Oh became the first recipient of the People's Honour Award. He was inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994.

After retiring as a player, Oh served as the Giants' manager from 1984 to 1988. He also managed the Fukuoka Daiei/Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks from 1995 to 2008.[2] He was the manager of the Japanese national team in the inaugural World Baseball Classic, which defeated Cuba for the championship. He is currently the chairman of the Hawks.

Early life

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Oh was born in Sumida, Tokyo, as the fifth of six children (four daughters and two sons) of a Japanese mother Tomi Oh 王登美 (née Tozumi 當住) and a Chinese father Shifuku Oh [zh] (王仕福 Wáng Shìfú from Qingtian County, Zhejiang.[3] His older twin sister died when they were 15 months old, and his younger sister died shortly after she was born, He was eventually raised as the youngest of four remaining children. Although born in Japan, Oh is a citizen of the Republic of China (ROC), as his father had left for Japan when the ROC still governed mainland China and chose to retain his ROC citizenship.

Playing career

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Prep career

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Oh managed to make his high school team, and, in 1957, Waseda Jitsugyo High School [ja] made it to the Spring Koshien Tournament with the second-year Oh as its ace pitcher. Before the tournament started, Oh suffered serious blisters on two fingers of his pitching hand. Oh pitched the entire first game at Koshien and his team won. The next day, Oh pitched another complete game and earned the victory, but the blisters worsened. Oh faced the prospect of pitching two more games on consecutive days for the championship with injuries. Oh pitched and won another complete game, enduring the pain.

Oh was able to just make it through his fourth complete game in four days, squeaking out a one-run victory. Oh won the championship, though was not allowed to play in the Kokutai due to being Chinese.[4]

Professional career

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In 1959, he signed his first professional contract as a pitcher for the Yomiuri Giants. However, Oh was not a strong enough pitcher to succeed professionally, and soon switched to first base, working diligently with coach Hiroshi Arakawa to improve his hitting skills. This led to the development of Oh's distinctive "flamingo" leg kick. His batting average jumped from .161 in his rookie season to .270 in 1960, and his home runs more than doubled. His performance dipped slightly in both statistical categories in 1961, but Oh truly blossomed in 1962, when he hit 38 home runs.

In 1964, Oh hit 55 home runs, a single-season record he owned for 37 years until it was tied by Tuffy Rhodes in 2001. Oh surpassed 50 home runs in a season two other times, in 1973 and 1977.

Oh became friends with Hank Aaron, his contemporary in Major League Baseball. The two squared off in a home run derby before an exhibition game at Korakuen Stadium on 2 November 1974, after Aaron eclipsed Babe Ruth's home run record. By that time, Oh was running away with the Japanese home run record, having become the first Japanese baseball player to hit 600 career home runs that year. Aaron won, 10–9.[5]

His hitting exploits benefited from the fact that for most of his career he batted third in the Giants' lineup, with another very dangerous hitter, Shigeo Nagashima, batting fourth; the two players forming the feared "O-N Cannon". In his autobiography, Sadaharu Oh: A Zen Way of Baseball (ISBN 978-0812911091), Oh said he and Nagashima were not close, rarely spending time together off the field.

Sadaharu Oh retired in 1980 at age 40, having amassed 2,786 hits (third after Isao Harimoto (Jang Hoon) and Katsuya Nomura), 2,170 RBIs, a lifetime batting average of .301, and 868 home runs.

Managing career

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Sadaharu Oh was the assistant manager of the Yomiuri Giants between 1981 and 1983. He became the manager of the Yomiuri Giants between 1984 and 1988. He led the Giants to one Central League pennant in 1987. He was asked to retire as Giants manager after the 1988 season.[6]

In 1995, he returned to baseball as the manager of the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks (later the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks). Oh led the Hawks to three Pacific League pennants in 1999, 2000 and 2003, and two Japan Series titles in 1999 and 2003.

In 2006, Oh managed the Japan national baseball team, winning the championship in the inaugural 2006 World Baseball Classic over Cuba.

On July 5, Oh announced that he was taking an indefinite leave of absence from the Hawks to combat a stomach tumor.[7] On July 17, 2006, Oh underwent laparoscopic surgery to remove his stomach and its surrounding lymph nodes. The surgery was considered to be a success.[8] Although the tumor was confirmed to be cancerous, it was caught in early stages. He returned to coaching the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks, although he announced he would retire at the end of the 2008 season as manager, stepping into a front office role for the Hawks, which he has held ever since.

Home run record controversy

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On three occasions, foreign-born players challenged Oh's single-season home run record of 55 and faced Oh-managed teams late in the season. On each occasion, Oh's pitchers refused to throw strikes to them.

In 1985, American Randy Bass, playing for the Hanshin Tigers, came into the last game of the season against the Oh-managed Giants with 54 home runs. Bass was intentionally walked four times on four straight pitches each time. Bass reached over the plate on the fifth occasion and batted the ball into the outfield for a single. After the game, Oh denied ordering his pitchers to walk Bass, but Keith Comstock, an American pitcher for the Giants, later stated that Giants coach and former Giant Tsuneo Horiuchi had threatened a fine of $1,000 for every strike that any Giants pitcher threw to Bass. The magazine Takarajima investigated the incident and reported that the Giants front office had likely ordered the team not to allow Bass an opportunity to tie or break Oh's record, likely because ace Suguru Egawa went against this and pitched strikes to Bass anyway. For the most part, the Japanese media remained silent on the incident, as did league commissioner Takeso Shimoda.[9]

In 2001, American Karl "Tuffy" Rhodes, playing for the Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes, hit 55 home runs with several games left. The Buffaloes played the Oh-managed Fukuoka Daiei Hawks on a late weekend series in Fukuoka. Rhodes was intentionally walked during each at-bat. Hawks catcher Kenji Johjima could be seen grinning as he caught the intentional balls.[citation needed] Again, Oh denied any involvement and Hawks pitching coach Yoshiharu Wakana stated that the pitchers acted on his orders, saying, "I just didn't want a foreign player to break Oh's record." Rhodes completed the season with 55 home runs. Hawks pitcher Keisaburo Tanoue went on record saying that he wanted to throw strikes to Rhodes and felt bad about the situation.[9][10]

In 2002, Venezuelan Alex Cabrera hit 55 home runs with five games left in the season and his team played Oh's Hawks. Oh told his pitchers to throw strikes to Cabrera[citation needed], but most of them ignored his order and threw balls well away from the plate. This was also due to the fact Cabrera was walked by other teams in 2002, as he was likely on steroids after he was caught with Winstrol pills prior to signing with the Lions and was eventually named on the Mitchell Report in 2007. After the game, Oh stated, "If you're going to break the record, you should do it by more than one. Do it by a lot."[9] In the wake of the most recent incident involving Cabrera, ESPN listed Oh's single-season home run record on its list of "The Phoniest Records in Sports". Cabrera called the whole thing "racist".[11][12]

Wladimir Balentien, a Curaçaoan born player, broke Oh's single-season home run record on September 15, 2013, by hitting his 56th and 57th home runs of the season in a game against the Hanshin Tigers.[13] Balentien ended that season with 60 home runs.

Personal life

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Oh was married to Kyoko Oh (王恭子, Ō Kyōko), and had three daughters with her. She died of stomach cancer, the same disease he had in 2006, in December 2001 at age 57.[14] Their second daughter, Rie (born in 1970), is a sportscaster and presenter on the J-Wave radio network.

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Miscellaneous

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  • In 1988, Oh and Hank Aaron created the World Children's Baseball Fair (WCBF), to increase the popularity of baseball by working with youngsters.[15]
  • On December 4, 2007, Oh said in Chiyoda, Tokyo that it is just a matter of time before his career record of 868 home runs will be broken: "I think the 868 record will be broken. There's nobody near that mark in Japan, but I think Alex Rodriguez can do it", he added. "He has the ability to hit 1,000."[16] (Rodriguez retired seven years later, at the age of 41, with 696 home runs.)
  • In 2002 and 2005, he was named by President Chen Shui-bian of Taiwan as Ambassador-at-Large of the Republic of China.
  • President Ma Ying-Jeou honored Sadaharu Oh with the "Order of Brilliant Star" on February 5, 2009, in Taipei. Oh called receiving the award, "The highest honor of his life."[17]
  • During the 2020 Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo (which took place in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic), he was a part of a group that carried the torch in the stadium.[18]

Statistics

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Year Team Number G AB R H 2B 3B HR TB RBI SB CS SH SF BB IBB HBP K DP AVG OBP SLG OPS
1959 Yomiuri Giants 1 94 193 18 31 7 1 7 61 25 3 1 1 1 24 1 3 72 2 .161 .262 .316 .569
1960 130 426 49 115 19 3 17 191 71 5 4 3 1 67 5 5 101 7 .270 .375 .448 .823
1961 127 396 50 100 25 6 13 176 53 10 5 4 4 64 3 3 72 7 .253 .358 .444 .802
1962 134 497 79 135 28 2 38 281 85 6 4 3 2 72 9 12 99 6 .272 .376 .565 .941
1963 140 478 111 146 30 5 40 306 106 9 5 0 2 123 12 6 64 7 .305 .452 .640 1.092
1964 140 472 110 151 24 0 55 340 119 6 4 0 5 119 20 3 81 8 .320 .456 .720 1.176
1965 135 428 104 138 19 1 42 285 104 2 4 0 3 138 29 6 58 7 .322 .490 .666 1.156
1966 129 396 111 123 14 1 48 283 116 9 4 0 4 142 41 7 51 5 .311 .495 .715 1.210
1967 133 426 94 139 22 3 47 308 108 3 5 0 3 130 30 7 65 7 .326 .488 .723 1.211
1968 131 442 107 144 28 0 49 319 119 5 1 1 6 121 18 10 72 5 .326 .475 .722 1.197
1969 130 452 112 156 24 0 44 312 103 5 2 0 8 111 12 5 61 7 .345 .472 .690 1.162
1970 129 425 97 138 24 0 47 303 93 1 4 0 3 119 24 6 48 8 .325 .476 .713 1.189
1971 130 434 92 120 18 2 39 259 101 8 2 0 5 121 17 5 65 8 .276 .435 .597 1.032
1972 130 456 104 135 19 0 48 298 120 2 0 0 2 108 18 6 43 8 .296 .435 .654 1.089
1973 130 428 111 152 18 0 51 323 114 2 1 0 4 124 38 4 41 7 .355 .500 .755 1.255
1974 130 385 105 128 18 0 49 293 107 1 5 0 2 158 45 8 44 4 .332 .532 .761 1.293
1975 128 393 77 112 14 0 33 225 96 1 0 0 6 123 27 1 62 9 .285 .451 .573 1.024
1976 122 400 99 130 11 1 49 290 123 3 1 0 9 125 27 2 45 8 .325 .479 .725 1.204
1977 130 432 114 140 15 0 50 305 124 1 3 0 6 126 16 6 37 14 .324 .477 .706 1.183
1978 130 440 91 132 20 0 39 269 118 1 2 0 11 114 17 1 43 7 .300 .436 .611 1.048
1979 120 407 73 116 15 0 33 230 81 1 1 0 5 89 10 5 48 9 .285 .415 .565 .980
1980 129 476 59 105 10 0 30 205 84 0 1 0 8 72 8 3 47 9 .236 .342 .462 .803
Total 2831 9250 1967 2786 422 25 868 5862 2170 84 59 12 100 2390 427 114 1319 159 .301 .446 .634 1.080

References

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  1. ^ Spatz, Lyle. Historical Dictionary of Baseball (Scarecrow Press, 2012), p. 169.
  2. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Ō Sadaharu" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 758.
  3. ^ Wu, Debby. "Baseball great has roots in ROC", Taipei Times. Sunday November 16, 2003. Page 2. Retrieved on August 3, 2009.
  4. ^ Magill, Frank Northen; Aves, Alison (November 1999). Dictionary of World Biography: The 20th century, O-Z. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-57958-048-3.
  5. ^ Sadaharu Oh [Archive] – Baseball Fever
  6. ^ Whiting, Robert. You Gotta Have Wa (Vintage Departures, 1989), p. 3.
  7. ^ The Seattle Times, "Briefs: Sadaharu Oh to have stomach surgery", July 6, 2006.
  8. ^ Associated PRess, "Japanese Baseball Great Sadaharu Oh Has Operation for Stomach Cancer", RedOrbit, July 18, 2006.
  9. ^ a b c Whiting, Robert, "Equaling Oh's HR record proved difficult", Japan Times, October 31, 2008, p. 12.
  10. ^ Roah, Jeff, "Tokyo under the tracks: It's Never Too Late to Insert an Asterisk" Archived 2009-01-13 at the Wayback Machine, Tokyo Q, October 12, 2001.
  11. ^ Coskrey, Jason. "Bass says Balentien won't get easy path to Oh's record", Japan Times (September 6, 2013).
  12. ^ Merron, Jeff. "The Phoniest Records in Sports", ESPN (Feb. 25, 2004).
  13. ^ Berry, Adam (September 15, 2013). "Balentien breaks Oh's Japanese home run record". MLB.com. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
  14. ^ Wallace, Bruce. "Column One: Home run king and gentleman: Japan's Sadaharu Oh reflects on his career, Barry Bonds and cancer. 'I feel lucky,' he says", Los Angeles Times (July 4, 2007).
  15. ^ "World Children'S Baseball Fair". Wcbf.org. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
  16. ^ "Japanese baseball player expects A-Rod to surpass his home-run record". Agence France-Presse. December 4, 2007. Archived from the original on February 16, 2009.
  17. ^ http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/090206/4/1e02k.html[permanent dead link]
  18. ^ "The Latest: Osaka lights cauldron at Tokyo opening ceremony". WTOP. Associated Press. 2021-07-23. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
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