USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.

USS *Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.* (DD-850)
	Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. underway in 1962
History
United States
Name	Joseph P. Kennedy Jr
Namesake	Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.
Builder	Fore River Shipyard
Laid down	2 April 1945
Launched	26 July 1945
Sponsored by	Miss Jean Kennedy Smith
Commissioned	15 December 1945
Decommissioned	2 July 1973
Stricken	1 July 1973
Identification	Callsign: NBCR; ; Hull number: DD-850;
Nickname(s)	Joey P
Status	Museum ship at Battleship Cove
Badge
General characteristics
Class and type	Gearing-class destroyer
Displacement	2,425 tons; 3,479 tons (fully loaded);
Length	390 ft 6 in (119.02 m)
Beam	40 ft 10 in (12.45 m)
Draft	14 ft 4 in (4.37 m)
Installed power	4 × Babcock & Wilcox 615 psi (4.24 MPa) 850 °F (454 °C) superheated D-Type express boilers
Propulsion	2 sets of high pressure, low pressure and cruising turbines (General Electric or Westinghouse) 60,000 shp (45,000 kW); 2 shafts and 12.5-foot (3.8 m) four-bladed propellers
Speed	35.25 knots (65.28 km/h; 40.56 mph)
Range	5,800 mi (5,000 nmi; 9,300 km) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement	274 (14 officers, 260 enlisted) standard,; 345 (20 officers, 325 enlisted) wartime;
Sensors and ; processing systems	SPS 10 surface search radar; SPS40 air search radar; SQS23 long range sonar;
Armament	5 in (127 mm)/38 caliber twin gun mounts; Mark 37 Gun Fire Control System; Mk25 fire control radar; Mark 1A Fire Control Computer; Mk6 8,500 rpm gyro; 2 × triple tubes for 12.75 in (324 mm) Mk 32 torpedoes; Antisubmarine rocket launcher (ASROC); 4 × double celled boxes housing 8 missiles; nuclear depth charge capability;
Aircraft carried	Drone Anti-Sub Helicopter (DASH)
Notes	Fuel capacity of 96,000 US gal (360,000 L; 80,000 imp gal)
	Battleship Cove
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark
Coordinates	41°42′21″N 71°09′47″W / 41.7057°N 71.1631°W
Built	1945
NRHP reference No.	76000231
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	11 December 1989
Designated NHL	29 June 1989

USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. (DD-850) is a former United States Navy Gearing-class destroyer. The ship was named after Lieutenant Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., a naval aviator, son of the former U.S. Ambassador to Britain, Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., and older brother of future President John F. Kennedy. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. served, with interruptions for modernization, until 1973. Among the highlights of her service are the blockade of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis and the afloat recovery teams for Gemini 6 and Gemini 7. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. is on display as a museum ship in Battleship Cove, Fall River, Massachusetts. She was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1989 as one of a small number of surviving Gearing-class destroyers.

1945–1950

USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. was built by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation's Fore River Shipyard at Quincy, Massachusetts, launched on 26 July 1945, sponsored by Miss Jean Kennedy, sister of Lieutenant Kennedy. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. was commissioned at Boston on 15 December 1945.

The new destroyer sailed on 4 February 1946 for shakedown training in the Caribbean. Robert F. Kennedy, Joseph's brother, then 20 years old, sailed on this cruise as an apprentice seaman. Kennedy was discharged from the navy on 30 May 1946.

Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. returned to her homeport, Newport, in April 1946, and was occupied for the next few months in Naval Reserve Training. Arriving Norfolk on 8 October, the ship joined Admiral William D. Leahy's flagship, USS Wisconsin, and other units for a cruise to Chile and Venezuela. She transited the Panama Canal twice on this voyage, and was reviewed by the President of Venezuela on 25 November 1946. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. returned to her home port on 14 December 1946.

During 1947 the destroyer operated on the East Coast and in the Caribbean. She sailed for fleet maneuvers off Puerto Rico on 9 February and upon completion steamed eastward to join the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean. During this period of great unrest in Europe, the fleet carried out the important role of peacekeeper and stabilizer. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. visited various Mediterranean ports before arriving Newport on 26 June 1948. The remainder of the year was spent in antisubmarine warfare (ASW) exercises, and the first half of 1949 saw her make two training cruises to the Caribbean.

The ship sailed on 23 August 1949 for 6th Fleet duty as flagship of Destroyer Squadron 18 (DESRON 18), returning on 27 January 1950.

1950–1960

With the advent of war in Korea, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. carried out reserve training during July 1950, followed by bombardment and convoy exercises to prepare for action defending South Korea from Communist aggression. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. sailed for Japan on 3 January 1951 by way of the Panama Canal, Pearl Harbor, and Midway Atoll. At Sasebo she loaded ammunition and, exactly one month after departure from Newport, joined Task Force 77 (TF 77) off Korea. From February to April she screened the attack carriers as they pounded enemy positions and supply lines. She departed on 8 April for the Formosa Patrol, helping to prevent further hostilities across the volatile Taiwan Straits. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., then returned to Korea arriving off Wonsan on 20 May to take up bombardment station in support of the Allied siege and occupation of harbor islands. This duty continued until 13 June, a period of almost constant bombardment of great importance to the operation, after which the ship steamed to Sasebo.

Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. did not return to the West Coast immediately upon the termination of this combat duty, but instead steamed westward to complete a circumnavigation of the globe. With other units of Destroyer Squadron 8, she visited Singapore, Bahrain, Port Said, Naples, and Gibraltar before returning to Newport on 9 August 1951. Until January 1953 she conducted battle practice and served as school ship for the Fleet Training School at Newport. She sailed on 7 January for another 6th Fleet cruise, returning to Newport on 18 May 1953. Antisubmarine training exercises and another Mediterranean cruise January – May 1954 comprised her duty through most of 1955, and she sailed on 5 November for Arctic maneuvers off northern Europe. The ship visited Oslo, Norway, and Bremerhaven, West Germany, carrying out tactical exercises with units of the 6th Fleet before returning to Newport on 5 March 1956.

In June 1956, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. arrived at Annapolis with battleships Iowa and New Jersey to embark United States Naval Academy midshipmen for a training cruise. Upon returning from Northern Europe on 1 August, the ship took part in training operations until 6 May 1957, when she sailed once more for 6th Fleet duty. The Jordanian crisis^{[clarification needed]} had just passed with the strong support of the fleet, and Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. took part in carrier operations until September, when she steamed to the coast of Norway for NATO joint maneuvers. She returned to Newport on 22 October 1957. Again in 1958 the ship sailed to the Mediterranean, and on this cruise spent April in the Persian Gulf with the Middle East Force before arriving back to Newport on 1 July 1958.

After a needed period of overhaul at Boston, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., arrived at Annapolis once more on 3 June 1959 for midshipman training. Along with other ships of the task group, she entered the St. Lawrence River and represented the Navy at the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway on 26 June 1959. Following the ceremonies, in which both President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Queen Elizabeth II took part, the destroyer entered the Seaway and steamed to Chicago on 2 July. The ship visited various ports before returning to the Atlantic on 6 August. In 1960 she returned to the Mediterranean with Forrestal and Franklin D. Roosevelt, returning to Newport on 15 October.

1961–1964

In January 1961 Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., steamed to Washington, D.C. for the inauguration of John F. Kennedy, brother of her namesake. During February and April of that year she took part in space shots in the Project Mercury series. She then arrived New York City on 1 July 1961 for a Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM) overhaul in the New York Naval Shipyard. During this period she received the latest in antisubmarine gear, a new helicopter flight deck and hangar aft, and numerous other modifications designed to increase her useful life. After emerging in her new dress in late May 1962, she underwent exhaustive shakedown out of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, returning on 26 August 1962.

Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., with other ships of the fleet, reacted quickly to the threat of Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba, and President Kennedy's quarantine order. Sailing on 22 October, the ship took an active part in the blockade that forced an easing of the Cuban Missile Crisis, and on 26 October under the command of Commander Nicholas S. Mikhalevsky sent a boarding party to the Lebanese Liberty ship Marucla After participating in this graphic demonstration of the power and mobility of the US Navy, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. remained on patrol in the Caribbean until returning to Newport on 7 December 1962.

During 1963 the veteran destroyer carried out training operations off the Virginia Capes and Nova Scotia. She departed Newport on 29 April 1964 for another Med cruise until 26 August, and in October was underway for Operation Steel Pike I, one of the largest amphibious operations since World War II. During the passage of the task force to the Spanish coast, she acted as antisubmarine screening ship. Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. returned to Newport on 19 November 1964.

1965–1967

Late in January 1965, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., put to sea for Port Canaveral, Florida, where she helped qualify two newly constructed Polaris submarines for patrol overseas. There followed a regular 3-month overhaul in the Boston Naval Shipyard. Commander J. W. Hayes took over command of Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. from Captain J. V. Peters on 14 July; the next day, a 2-month period of refresher training commenced as the ship set sail for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.

The US crewed space program was one of Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.'s more recent commitments; leaving Newport on 27 November 1965, the ship took station 1,200 nautical miles (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) southeast of Bermuda as part of the afloat recovery team for Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 on a 14-day orbital and rendezvous mission in space. The shots a success and her duty done, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. returned to Newport on 21 December to prepare for another deployment in the Mediterranean.

Assigned to DESRON 10, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. departed Newport on 15 February 1966 for duty with the 6th Fleet. After arriving at Gibraltar on 24 February, she participated during the next four months in AAW and ASW operations and ranged the Mediterranean from the North African coast to Turkey. She completed her peace-keeping patrols late in June and returned to Newport on 8 July.

During the remainder of the year she conducted destroyer exercises and carrier screening operations off the eastern seaboard. In mid-November she participated in recovery operations following the successful 4-day flight of Gemini 12. On 1 March 1967 Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. again sailed for duty with the 6th Fleet. She cruised the Mediterranean until late April, and then transited the Suez Canal for the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. Late in June she departed the Gulf of Aden for the United States. Steaming via the Cape of Good Hope and South America, she arrived Newport the following month. There she resumed readiness training.

End of career

As part of the Navy drawdown resulting from the end of US involvement in Vietnam, the Kennedy was decommissioned in early 1973 and was stricken from the Navy Register on 1 July the same year. Due to her famous namesake and close association with the Kennedy family, plans were soon made for her preservation.

Museum ship

After decommissioning, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 July 1973 and removed to Fall River, Massachusetts, as a unit of the Battleship Cove Museum. As of 2018^[update], she is open to the public as the official memorial to Massachusetts citizens who gave their lives during the Korean and Vietnam Wars. She is also home to the Admiral Arleigh Burke National Destroyermen's Museum.

In the spring of 2000, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. was brought to Rhode Island Sound for the movie Thirteen Days, portraying both herself and John R. Pierce. The ship was crewed by active duty Navy and Naval Reservists in period uniforms, and some systems (radar antennae, gun mounts, and ASW torpedo tubes) were made semi-operational for action scenes, with the ship being towed by a tugboat that was kept out of frame during filming.

Awards

Combat Action Ribbon
Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation	Navy Expeditionary Medal	American Campaign Medal
World War II Victory Medal	Navy Occupation Service Medal with "EUROPE" clasp	China Service Medal
National Defense Service Medal with star	Korean Service Medal with two battle stars	Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
Presidential Unit Citation (South Korea)	United Nations Korea Medal	Korean War Service Medal (South Korea)

Note – The Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. displays the ribbon of the Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal at Battleship Cove in Fall River; however, the vessel was not in the area of eligibility for this medal during the appropriate time period.^[3]

References

^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 23 January 2007.
^ "Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., USS (Destroyer)". National Historic Landmarks Program. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
^ Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, 1953 with revisions of 1954.

Bibliography

Butowsky, Harry A. (May 1985). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form / USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. (DP-850)". National Park Service. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
Butowsky, Harry A. (May 1985). "Accompanying photos". National Park Service. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
Morss, Stafford (1990). "Drydocking ex-USS Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. (DD-850): Stabilizing and Restoring a Museum Ship". Warship International. XXVII (1): 9–23. ISSN 0043-0374.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register, which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the public domain. The entry can be found here.

External links

Photo gallery of USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. at NavSource Naval History
Angelini, Richard (2003). "USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. DD850 at Battleship Cove, Fall River, Massachusetts". Retrieved 20 April 2008.
USS Joseph P. Kennedy Photos on board the Destroyer Joseph P. Kennedy DD-780 in Fall River, MA
Unofficial "Joey P" Home Page
USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. at Historic Naval Ships Association
Maritime History of Massachusetts, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary

[nris-1] "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 23 January 2007.

[nhlsum-2] "Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., USS (Destroyer)". National Historic Landmarks Program. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 3 October 2012.

[3] Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, 1953 with revisions of 1954.

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